1Уламжлалт Анагаахын Шинжлэх Ухаан, Технологи, Үйлдвэрлэлийн Корпораци, 2Хими-Хими Инженерчлэлийн Сургууль, Монгол Улсын Их Сургууль
Background: The multi-component preparations have been the subject of chemical study for a long time. Therefore, when compounding multi-component medicines, their taste is cautiously relied on, as the power of the one medicine should not be subdued by the power of another. Additionally the properties of the components and their regulating effects on the body systems are also considered. Our research group has been carrying out tests of the raw materials, which are contained in multi-component preparations. It was a necessity to conduct phytochemical studies on multi-component preparations in order to isolate pure biologically active compounds and identify their structure as well as to quantify their amount by modern analysis techniques.
The Mongolian traditional herbal medicine Garidi-5 is used in Mongolian traditional medicine for the treatment of inflammation and as a pain relieving remedy. Phytochemical screening was also performed to determine the presence of some bioactive components including gallic acid, total alkaloids, α-azarone, costunolide, and testosterone.
The objective of this study was to isolate pure biologically active substances from the Mongolian traditional medicine Garidi-5 and to elucidate their structures.
Methods: The Mongolian traditional herbal medicine Garidi-5 has been selected as a natural product for the study. It consisted of 5 medicinal herbs, namely Terminalia chebula Retz, Aconitum Kusnezoffii Reichb., Acorus calamus L., Saussurea lappa L., and musk of Moschus moschiferus and manufactured in the Drug factory of TMSTPCM.
In this research, in order to determine the total content of phenolic compounds we used Folin–Ciocalteu method, which is based on performing dark blue color complex compound, antioxidant activity determined by the DPPH radical method and quantitative was determined by spectropotometric, titrimetric and other methods. Identification of the isolated substance was determined by the UV and IR spectrophotometric methods. The identification was verified by checking melting point of the isolated substance.
Results: As a result of the current research it was detected the following biologically active substances: Gallic acid, α-azarone, costunolid, alkaloids and steroid. In addition it were determined the total alkaloids as 0.01 percent, total phenolic compound 24.4 percent and organic acid 3.81% respectively in the traditional drug Garidi-5. Furthermore the results showed the antioxidant activities of the Garidi-5 in the concentration of 67.51% (25μg/ ml), 47.86% (12.5μg/ml), 37.74% (6.25μg/ml) and 30.92% (3.125μg/ml) in the methanol extract, respectively. According to the results the highest DPPH radical scavenging activity was at the concentration of 50 μg/ml, which calculated by the IC50 value of 14.15μg/ml. The phytochemical analysis reveals the presence of Gallic acid in Garidi-5, which was determined by thin layer chromatography, UV and IR spectrophotometric methods.
Conclusion: The data obtained from the research identified many biologically active substances such as alkaloids and polyphenolic compounds in the Traditional drug Garidi-5, which is connected with its analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects. Our laboratory isolated Gallic acid from the Mongolian medicine Garidi-5 by thin layer chromatography, UV and IR spectrophotometric methods. This isolation from multi-component preparations and identification of its structure was first phytochemical study conducted in our laboratory.
