Department of Radiology, National Cancer Center of Mongolia

Health Sciences University of Mongolia

The management of thyroid nodules is multi-disciplinary and involves head and neck surgeons, pathologists, and radiologists. Ultrasound is easy to perform, widely available, does not involve ionizing radiation, and is readily combined with fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC).1 It is, therefore, an ideal investigation method of choice for evaluating

thyroid nodules. It evaluates specific features that help in identifying the nature of the nodule, and FNAC helps confirm the differential diagnostic accuracy of the thyroid cancer.2,3

By the cytological evaluation of 147 patients with thyroid cancer, 89 (61%) had papillary cancer, 44 (30%) had folliculary cancer, 5 (3.4%) had medullary cancer, and 9 (6.1%) had anaplastic cancer. The main US and CD US signs of thyroid cancers included: 131 (90.3%) locking capsular margins, 126 (86.9%) had a non-homogeneous echo structure, 121

(83.45%) were hypoechoic, 119 (82.1%) had irregular margins, 104 (71.7%) had non-smooth margins, 99 (68.3%) were abnormally shaped, 53 (36.55%) had a cystic component, 36 (24.8%) had micro calcifications, and 15 (10.2%) had cervical lymph nodules one side of the metastasis, that were hypervascular (65%), hypovascular (27%) or avascular (7.5%).

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